Valuation Guides

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Valuation Guide: Insurance Broker

Industry Description According to the US Census Bureau, the insurance brokerage industry (NAICS 524210) comprises of establishments primarily engaged acting as brokers/agents in selling annuities and insurance policies underwritten by insurance carriers.  The insurance brokerage industry is a vital component of the larger insurance sector as they act as intermediaries between insurance carriers and consumers. [...]

Valuation Guide: Commercial Banks

Industry Description According to the US Census Bureau, the commercial banking industry (NAICS 522110) is comprised of establishments primarily engaged in accepting demand and other deposits and making commercial, industrial, and consumer loans.  It is a global, multi-billion dollar industry that acts as in intermediary between those with money (their depositors) and those seeking money [...]

Valuation Guide: Casinos

Industry Description According to the US Census Bureau, casino hotels (NAICS 721120) comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging in hotel facilities with a casino on the premises. The casino on premises includes table wagering games and may include other gambling activities, such as slot machines and sports betting. These establishments generally offer a [...]

Valuation Guide: Skilled Nursing Facility

Industry Description The skilled nursing facility industry, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau (NAICS 623110), consists of companies primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing and rehabilitative services. The care is generally provided for an extended period of time to individuals requiring nursing care. These establishments have a permanent core staff of registered or licensed [...]

Cannabis Valuation Guide

October 2018 The general principles of valuing enterprises apply to a cannabis company. However, the regulatory and growth attributes of the cannabis industry complicates considerably the valuation of a cannabis-related enterprise. This guide discusses unique valuation considerations for cannabis-related appraisals. Currently, there are numerous publicly-traded companies in the cannabis area. Although there is considerable money [...]

Valuation Guide: Department Stores

Industry Description The department store industry (SIC 5311, NAICS 45211) consists of retail establishments that sell a variety of products such as clothing, cosmetics, footwear, and home furnishings, typically through decentralized points of sale throughout the store.  Department stores may also offer various services such as hair styling, photography, gift wrapping, and personal shopping. Global [...]

Valuation Guide: Pharmaceuticals

Industry Description The U.S. pharmaceutical industry, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau, consists of companies primarily engaged in researching, developing, manufacturing and marketing drugs for human or veterinary use (NAICS 3254).  The industry consists of both brand name and generic drugs, with different companies specializing in each type.  Brand name drugs are patent protected [...]

Valuation Guide: Movie Theaters

Industry Description The movie theater industry (SIC 7830, NAICS 51213) consists of companies engaged in exhibiting motion pictures in movie theaters, film festivals, and drive-in theaters.  Approximately 60% of industry sales are generated from sales of feature film admissions, the remaining comes primarily from the concession and advertising business.[1]  Movie theaters’ profitability is largely dependent [...]

Valuation Guide: Trucking Companies

Industry Description The trucking industry in the U.S. comprises both local and long-distance freight transportation (SIC 4212, 4213, NAICS 484000).  Long distance trucking makes up approximately 70% of the industry, while local trucking encompasses the remaining 30%.[1]  The industry is also further divided into truckload and less-than-truckload (LTL) services. In the U.S., truck transportation contributes [...]

Valuation Guide: Medical Device Industry

Industry Description The medical device industry (SIC 3840, NAICS 339112) consists of companies engaged in manufacturing medical and surgical instruments used to diagnose and treat healthcare patients.  The United States is both the leading producer and consumer of medical devices.  The industry experienced annual double digit growth from 2007 to 2012[1]; however, it experienced negative [...]

Valuation Guide: Online Dating Industry

Industry Description The online dating industry (SIC 7299, NAICS 812990) consists of companies engaged in online matchmaking services. Most companies generate revenue under a subscription model.  Often, “browsing” will be free, but messaging or contacting other users will require a subscription.  Alternatively, some websites generate revenue solely through advertising and are free for users. In [...]

Valuation Guide: Cargo Shipping

Industry Description The U.S. freight shipping industry comprises deep sea freight transportation, inland water freight transportation, and coastal and Great Lakes freight transportation (SIC 4412, 4424, 4432, 4449; NAICS 483111, 483211, 483113).  It is a subsector of the water transportation sector (NAICS 483).  The global deep-sea, coastal, and inland water transportation industry has experienced an [...]

Valuation Guide: Grocery Stores

Industry Description The grocery industry (SIC 5411, NAICS 7445110) consists of retail locations selling food products.  There are almost 65,000 grocery and supermarket locations across the U.S., according to Census data.[1]  U.S. supermarkets and grocery stores generate annual revenues of approximately $491 billion.[2] A typical grocery store is about 46,000 square feet in size and [...]

Valuation Guide: Newspaper Publishing

Description of the Industry The newspaper publishing industry (SIC 2711-98, NAICS 511110) is engaged in the production of daily, weekly, and bi-weekly newspapers as well as Internet news services. The U.S. newspaper industry includes about 5,000 companies earning combined annual revenue of about $35 billion with the top 50 companies controlling about 80 percent of [...]

Valuation Guide: Magazine Publishing

Description of the Industry The U.S. magazine and periodical industry (SIC 2721, NAICS 511120) includes general interest magazines, trade publications, and academic periodicals.  The magazine and periodical industry generates approximately $37 billion in revenue each year.[1]  Approximately 68% of this total is generated from sales and advertising in general interest periodicals, 17% is from financial, [...]

Valuation Guide: Book Publishing

Description of the Industry The book publishing industry (SIC 5111, NAICS 511130) is engaged in the production of books. Publishing companies carry out the design, editing, marketing, and distribution of books.  Publishers may distribute books in print, audio, or, increasingly, electronic form.  Textbooks make up the largest segment of book sales, followed by adult trade [...]

Valuation Guide: Art Dealers and Galleries

Description of the Industry The U.S art dealer industry (NAICS 453920, SIC 5999), includes approximately 23,000 businesses nationwide and generates almost $9 billion in revenues each year. Art dealers, including art galleries, are retail businesses that buy and sell art. In addition to galleries, auction houses and dealers without gallery space are also included in [...]

Valuation Guide: Advertising Agencies

Description of Industry Advertising agencies (SIC 7310, 7311; NAICS 541810) are traditionally known to prepare and place advertisements through magazines, newspapers, the internet, television and radio. However, globalization of the industry has led many agencies to expand their suite of services. Many advertising firms now offer media planning, market research, graphic design, media buying and [...]

Valuation Guide: Hair and Beauty Salons

Description of the Industry The U.S hair and beauty salon industry (NAICS 812112, SIC 7231), includes approximately 250,000 shops nationwide and accumulates approximately $20 billion in revenues each year. The salon industry is dominated by small, single-owner establishments, although chains and franchises have become increasingly common.  The industry is highly fragmented, with the 50 largest [...]

Valuation Guide: Dental Practices

Industry Description The dental industry is generally defined as the professional and licensed practice of preventing, diagnosing and treating diseases, injuries, and malformations of the teeth, jaw, and mouth.  The dental industry is highly fragmented, consisting mostly of sole practitioners that practice general dentistry.  Typical dental offices have one dentist, two oral hygienists and one [...]

Valuation Guide: Dry Cleaners

  Description of the Industry The dry cleaners industry (SIC 7211, 7212, and NAICS 812320) provides full service laundering and dry cleaning for consumers and commercial clients. The growth of a dry cleaning business depends on consumer spending, operating efficiency, and favorable locations.  The dry cleaning industry is highly fragmented, with the 50 largest firms [...]

Valuation Guide: Hotels

Industry Description The hotel and lodging industry (SIC 7011 and NAICS 721110)  includes a variety of properties that offer short-term lodging. [1]  The properties range from five-star hotels to recreational vehicle parks.  Within the United States, the industry includes 51,214 properties of 15 or more rooms. [2]  The industry generated $137.5 billion dollars in sales [...]

Valuation Guide: Fast Food Franchise

Description of the Industry The fast food industry (SIC 5812, NAICS 722211) consists of eating establishments where customers pay before eating, including eat-in, take-out, drive-thru and delivery establishments.  Fast food franchises, carryout restaurants, delicatessens, pizzerias, and sandwich shops all fall within this category.  In general, fast food restaurants emphasize dining at a low cost with [...]

Valuation Guide: Restaurants

Description of the Industry The restaurant industry (SIC 5812, NAICS 722110) consists of table-service dining establishments.  These establishments may also engage in the sale of alcoholic beverages, takeout services, and entertainment.  In general, full service restaurants differ from fast-food or other dining places in that they (i) have a full menu of appetizers, entrees, desserts, [...]

Valuation Guide: Auto Repair Shops

  Summary Because the starting financial statements often contain important transactions with owner/operators and other related parties, the financial statements will need to be scrutinized and probably adjusted.   Once reliable adjusted financial statements are available, the following valuation methods are most commonly used to value auto repair shops: Asset-based valuation – Particularly for a company [...]

Valuation Guide: Auto Dealerships

Summary The value of an auto dealership facility generally fluctuates with the strength of the auto sales market and interest rates.  Although each appraisal assignment is different, the value of a healthy and profitable auto dealership is generally going to place primary reliance on the income and market approaches.  A summary of public and private [...]

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